Effect of composition and pouring temperature of Cu(20-24)wt.%Sn by sand casting on fluidity and mechanical properties

Sugeng Slamet; Suyitno .; Indraswari Kusumaningtyas

doi:10.15282/jmes.13.4.2019.20.0476

Authors

Sugeng Slamet Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No.2, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Suyitno . Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No.2, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Indraswari Kusumaningtyas Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No.2, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.13.4.2019.20.0476

Keywords:

Cu-Sn, sand casting, fluidity, tin composition, pouring temperature

Abstract

The effect of tin composition and pouring temperature on the length of fluidity, microstructure, density, hardness, tensile strength and bending of Cu-Sn alloy with sand casting method has been investigated. Cu(20-24)wt.%Sn were casted in two different pouring temperatures (1000 ºC and 1100 ºC) in strip plate pattern sand mold. The sand mold has a length of 400 mm, width of 10 mm with a thickness of the mold cavity varied from 1.5 to 5 mm. The results show that the increase in composition (20-22) wt.% Sn decreases the length of fluidity while the composition (22-24) wt.% Sn length fluidity increase again. Increase of the pouring temperature and mold cavity thickness can increase the length of fluidity. Increasing tin composition and pouring temperature can increase the phase of α structure, porosity, hardness of the alloy and trigger the growth of dendrite columnar and secondary dendrite (DAS) microstructure.While the density, tensile strength and bending strength of the alloy tend to decrease. Increasing tin composition and pouring temperature in Cu(20-24) wt.% Sn caused the alloy to be more brittle.

References

Sulaiman S, Hamouda AMS. Modeling of the thermal history of the sand casting process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2001;113:245–250.

Strafford KN, Newell R., Audy K, Audy J. Analysis of bell material from the Middle Ages to the recent time. Elsevier Science. 1996;9327(96):22–27.

Debut V, Carvalho M, Figueiredo E. The sound of bronze:Virtual resurrection of a broken medieval bell. Journal of Culture Heritage. 2016;19:544–554.

Bartocha D, Baron C. Influence of tin bronze melting and pouring parameters on its properties and bells tone. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 2016;16(4):17–22.

Fletcher N. Materials and musical instruments. Acoustics Australia. 2012;27(1): 130–134.

Sumarsam. Introduction to Javanese gamelan note for music 451 (Javanese Gamelan-Beginners). Wesleyan of University, Middletown. 2002.

Goodway M. Metals of music. Materials Characterization. 1992;29(1):177–184.

Kim E, Cho G, Oh Y, Junga Y. Development of a high-temperature mold process for sand casting with a thin wall and complex shape. Thin Solid Films. 2016;620: 70–75.

Sulaiman S, Hamouda AMS. Modelling and experimental investigation of solidification process in sand casting. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2004;155(156):1723–1726.

Sik J, Woo C, June K. Implication of peritectic composition in historical high-tin bronze metallurgy. Materials Characterization. 2009;60:1268–1275.

Caliari D, Timelli G, onollo F. Fluidity of aluminium foundry alloys: Development of a testing procedure. Metallurgia Italiana. 2015;6:11–18.

Hudivhamudzimu M, Wallace M, Damilola Isaac Adebiyi JHD. Effect of wall thickness on the quality of 1060 aluminium produced by sand casting. Procedia Manufacturing. 2017;7:402–412.

Campbell J, Harding RA. The fluidity of molten metals 3205, Talat Lect 3205, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. 1994.

Siavashi K, The effect of casting parameters on the fluidity and porosity of aluminium alloys in the lost foam casting process. thesis, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. 2011.

Raza M. Process development for investment casting of thin-walled components, Malardalen University Press, Sweden. 2015.

Mudry S, Korolyshyn A, Vus V, Yakymovych A. Viscosity and structure of liquid Cu – in alloys. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2013;179:94–97.

Rzychoń T, Kiełbus A. The influence of pouring temperature on the microstructure and fluidity of AE42 alloy. Archives of Materials Science and Engineering. 2007; 28(10):601-604.

Suyitno, Sutiyoko. Effect of pouring temperature and casting thickness on fluidity, porosity and surface roughness in lost foam casting of gray cast iron. Procedia Engineering. 2012;50:88-94.

Nadolski M. The evaluation of mechanical properties of high-tin bronzes. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 2017;17(1):127–130.

Shin SR, Lee ZH. Hydrogen gas Pic-up of alloy during lost foam casting melt. Journal of Materials Science. 2004;39:1563–1569.

Hou J, Guo H, Zhan C. Viscous and magnetic properties of liquid Cu – 25 wt .% Sn alloy. Materials Letters. 2006;60:2038–2041.

Qudong W, Yizhen L. Xiaoqin Z. Study on the fluidity of AZ91+xRE magnesium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 1999;271:109–115.

Mirbagheri SMH, Dadashzadeh M, Serajzadeh S, Taheri AK, Davami P. Modeling the effect of mould wall roughness on the melt flow simulation in casting process, Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2004;28:933–956.

Pang S, Wu G, Liu W, Suna M, Zhanga Y, Liu Z, Ding W. Effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of sand-casting Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2013;562:152–160.

Nimbulkar SL, Dalu RS. Design optimization of gating and feeding system through simulation technique for sand casting of wear plate. Perspectives in Science. 2016; 8:39–42.

Zeynep T, Gozde SA, Seyda PS, Hakan A, Embiya T. A Microstructural study on CuSn10 bronze produced by sand and investment casting techniques. Metal. 2012;5:23–25.

Kumar S, Kumar P, Shan HS. Optimization of tensile properties of evaporative pattern casting process through Taguchi’s method. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2008;204:59-69.