KADAR NAFKAH SUAMI KEPADA ISTERI DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN URUF MENURUT PERSPEKTIF SHARIAH: SUATU PERBINCANGAN

(The Financial Obligation of a Husband to His Wife and Its Relationship with Uruf According to the Shariah Perspective: A Discussion)

Abstract

Tulisan ini membincangkan berkenaan kadar nafkah suami kepada isteri menerusi perbincangan dalil uruf. Perkara ini dibincangkan disebabkan tiada ketetapan berkenaan jumlah sebenar nafkah yang perlu diberikan kepada isteri untuk dijadikan rujukan, terutama apabila berlaku pertikaian daripada isteri terhadap pengabaian nafkah mereka oleh suami. Bagi mencapai tujuan tersebut, tulisan ini adalah bersandarkan kepada kajian perpustakaan sepenuhnya dengan focus kepada penelitian terhadap rujukan-rujukan dalam bidang fiqh, usul fiqh, tafsir al-Quran dan al-Hadith serta tulisan-tulisan terkini berkenaan isu nafkah isteri. Seterusnya analisis daripada kajian perpustakaan ini menemui bahawa terdapat nas-nas yang memberikan panduan kepada kadar nafkah tersebut tetapi ia masih berlegar dalam lingkungan dalil dzanni yang terbuka untuk dibahaskan. Menerusi penelitian terhadap nas-nas ini mendapati bahawa kadar nafkah tersebut sememangnya didiamkan oleh syarak bagi membuka ruang kepada keterbukaan kadar itu mengikut keperluan-keperluan yang berkaitan masa, tempat dan keadaan tertentu. Akhirnya, tulisan ini mendapati bahawa kadar nafkah tersebut boleh dicadangkan oleh pihak berautoriti menerusi panduan daripada dalil uruf.

This article discusses the husband's stipulated financial obligation to his wife through the discussion of daril uruf. This matter is discussed because there is no stipulation regarding the actual amount of alimony that needs to be given to the wife to be used as a reference, especially when there is a dispute from the wife regarding the neglect of their alimony by the husband. In order to achieve that goal, this article is based on a complete library study with a focus on research on references in the field of fiqh, usul fiqh, interpretation of the Quran and al-Hadith as well as the latest writings on the issue of wife support. Next, the analysis from this library study found that there are texts that provide guidance to the alimony rate but it still hovers within the realm of dzanni arguments that are open to debate. Through the research of these texts, it was found that the rate of maintenance is indeed kept silent by the syariah to open up space for the openness of the rate according to the requirements related to time, place and certain circumstances. Finally, this article finds that the alimony rate can be suggested by the authority through guidance from the evidence.