Design and development of a high-power wideband multimode Tonpilz transducer for underwater applications

Muarij Hadeed; Hamza Siddique Bhatti; Muhammad Shakeel Afzal; Vorathin  Epin; Muhammad Abdullah; Muhammad Ali asghar

doi:10.15282/jmes.18.3.2024.5.0802

Authors

Muarij Hadeed Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Hamza Siddique Bhatti Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Muhammad Shakeel Afzal Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, 47010 Wah Cantt, Pakistan
Vorathin Epin Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Muhammad Abdullah Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, 47010 Wah Cantt, Pakistan
Muhammad Ali asghar Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, 47010 Wah Cantt, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.18.3.2024.5.0802

Keywords:

Tonpilz transducer, Finite element analysis, Underwater acoustics, Wide head mass

Abstract

A multimode transducer is preferred for its broader bandwidth compared to traditional single-mode transducers. However, developing a wideband multimode Tonpilz transducer that operates at lower frequencies poses significant challenges. This study aims to create a high-power multimode Tonpilz transducer operating at 12 kHz with enhanced wideband characteristics by optimising the head mass radius. The devised transducer structure effectively incorporates two vibration modes: longitudinal and flapping, with the most simplistic head mass structure to maximise the fractional bandwidth (FBW) significantly. Further optimisation ensures a maximum bandwidth without compromising the transmitting voltage response. The variation of head mass structure and its impact on the transducer's overall performance was investigated using finite element analysis and experimental analysis. The optimised head mass radius was determined to be 85 mm, resulting in a highest FBW of 91.6% and a TVR_peakof 146.96 dB re 1mPa/V. Furthermore, the fabricated model with a head mass radius of 85 mm also exhibited a resonance frequency of 12.6 kHz, demonstrating good agreement between the finite element simulation and the fabricated prototype. Thus, the experimental validation by developing a prototype transducer ensures the efficacy of proposed structural design improvements.

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