Effect of sand particles on flow structure of free jet from a nozzle

M. J. Al-Dulaimi; F. A. Hamad; A. A. Abdul Rasool; K. A. Ameen

doi:10.15282/jmes.13.3.2019.21.0447

Authors

M. J. Al-Dulaimi Air Conditioning. Eng. Dept, Al- Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
F. A. Hamad School of Science & Engineering, Teesside University International Islamic Middlesbrough, UK
A. A. Abdul Rasool Mech. Eng. Dept, college of Engineering, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
K. A. Ameen Air Conditioning. Eng. Dept, Al- Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.13.3.2019.21.0447

Keywords:

Flow Structure, Jet Flow, Air-Sand, Two Phase Flow, CFD Modeling

Abstract

The Characteristics of single and two- phase flow from a circular turbulent free jet from a nozzle of 10 mm diameter were investigated experimentally and numerically. The measurements were conducted for ReJ = 10007 - 31561. The velocity was measured at location from the nozzle y/D (0-8) in axial and radial directions. The two phase measurement were done by using natural construction sand as a solid phase of sizes (220,350,550) µm and loading ratios (mass flow ratio of sand to mass flow rate of air) in the range (0.18-1.38). Two phase air velocity of jet showed that the introducing of natural sand particles gives lower jet velocity attributed to momentum transfer to particles. The smaller particle size leads to lower values of velocity. The velocity found to be decreased with loading ratio increase. The numerical simulation was performed for single and two phase jet flow. RNG K-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the flow of fluid and the discrete phase model to simulate the particles flow. The results form numerical simulation showed a good agreement with experimental results.

References

Fleckhaus D, Hishida K, Maeda M. Effect of laden solid particles on the turbulent flow structure of a round free jet. Experiments in Fluids, 1987; 5 (5):323-333.

Paik KY, Yoon JS, Hwang JJ, Chung JM, Bouvet N, Yoon YB. Effect of particle loading ratio and orifice exit velocity on a particle-laden jet. International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences, 2011; 12(3): 296-304.

Tsuji, Morikawa Y, Tanaka T, Karimine K, Nishida N. Measurement of an axisymmetric jet laden with coarse particles. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1988; 14(5): 564-574.

Stakić MB, Živković GS, Sijerčić MA. Numerical analysis of discrete phase induced effects on a gas flow in a turbulent two-phase free jet. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011; 54(12):2262-2269.

Zoltani CK, Bicen AF. Velocity measurements in a turbulent, dilute, two-phase jet. Experiments in Fluids, 1990; 9(5):295-298.

Gui N, Fan J, Chen S. Numerical study of particle-vortex interaction and turbulence modulation in swirling jets. Physical Review 2011;82 (5); 1-10.

Pandaba P, Ashok KB, Brundaban P. Computational Study of a turbulent gas-solid confined jet flow. Powder Technology, 2016; 297: 229–238.

Mustafa JD, Adnan AAR, Faik A. Hamad. Investigation of impingement heat transfer for air-sand mixture flow. Canadian Journal of Chemical engineering, 2016;94 (1): 134-141.

ANSYS FLUENT Theory Guide, Release 14.5, November 2012.

Pulat E, Isman MK, Etemoglu AB. Effect of Turbulence Models and Near-Wall Modelling Approaches on numerical results in impingement heat transfer. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals, 2011; 60(6):486-519.

Heck U, Fritsching U, Bauckhage K. Fluid flow and heat transfer in gas jet quenching of a cylinder. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2011; 11(1): 36-49.

Eirik MS. Computation of impinging gas jet. Master of Science in Product Design and Manufacturing, Norwegian university of science and technology; 2008.

Zuckerman N, Lior N. Jet impingement heat transfer: physics, correlations, and numerical modelling. Advances in Heat Transfer, 2006; 565-631.

Warda H, Kassab S, Elshorbagy K, Elsaadawy E. An experimental investigation of the near-field region of a free turbulent coaxial jet using LDA. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 1999; 10(1): 15-26.

Warda H, Kassab S, Elshorbagy K, Elsaadawy E. Influence of the magnitude of the two initial velocities on the flow field of a coaxial turbulent jet. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2011; 12(1): 29-35.

Bergman TL, Lavine AS, Frank PI, David PD. Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer. 8th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2017.

Cushman. Environmental fluid mechanics. New Hampshire: John Wiley and Sons; 2008