Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids – A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.4.2013.9.0042Keywords:
Convection heat transfer; thermal conductivity; viscosity; friction factor; nanofluid.Abstract
This paper presents a review of the studies undertaken on convection heat transfer with nanofluids. Initial studies were directed towards the determination of the properties of nanofluids, especially their thermal conductivity and viscosity. The studies indicate that thermal conductivity and viscosity increase with an increase in the concentration of the nanofluid. Experiments were conducted with different nanofluids, at various concentrations and temperature ranges, for the estimation of the heat transfer coefficient and friction factor for water-based nanofluids. All the studies confirmed enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient with an increase in concentration. The experimental ranges of temperature undertaken by the authors were different for different nanofluids. Certain studies with smaller particle sizes indicated an increase in heat transfer enhancements when compared with values obtained when using larger particle sizes. It is observed that the concentration of the nanofluid, the operating temperature, the particle size and shape, together with the material of the nanoparticle dispersed in the base liquid, have significant influence on the heat transfer coefficient. All the studies indicate a nominal increase in pressure drop.
References
Bhattacharya, P., Saha, S. K., Yadav, A., Phelan, P. E., & Prasher, R. S. (2004). Brownian dynamics simulation to determine the effect thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Journal of Applied Physics, 95, 6492-6494.
Bianco, V., & Manca, O. (2011). Numerical investigation on nanofluids turbulent convection heat transfer inside a circular tube. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 50, 341-349.
Choi, S. U. S. (1995). Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles. Proceedings of the ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 99-105.
Dong, L., & Leyuan, Y. (2010). Single-phase thermal transport of nanofluids in a minichannel. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston, TX 77004-4006 USA.
Eastman, J. A., Choi, S. U. S., Li, S., Thompson, L. J., & Lee, S. (1997). Enhancement thermal conductivity through the development of nanofluids. Materials Research Society (MRS), Boston, USA.
Ferrouillat, S. (2011). Hydraulic and heat transfer study of SiO2/water nanofluids in horizontal tubes with imposed wall temperature boundary conditions. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 32, 424-439.
Gianluca, P. (2012). Properties of Au–H2O nanofluids using molecular dynamics. PhD thesis, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering dept., University of Notre Dame.
Heris, S. Z., Etemad, G., & Esfahany, M. N. (2006). Experimental investigation of oxide nanofluids laminar flow convection heat transfer. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 33, 529-535.
Hwang, S., Lee, J., Park, S., Park, D. R., Jung, J. C., Lee, S. B., & Song, I. K. (2009). Production of Middle Distillate through Hydrocracking of Paraffin Wax over NiMo/SiO2–Al2O3 Catalysts: Effect of SiO2–Al2O3 Composition on Acid Property and Catalytic Performance of NiMo/SiO2–Al2O3 Catalysts. Catalysis letters, 129, 163-169.
Incropera, F. P., & DeWitt, D. P. (1996). Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. John Wiley & Sons, NY.
Jung, A., Natter, H., Hempelmann, R., & Lach, E. (2009). Nanocrystalline alumina dispersed in nanocrystalline nickel: enhanced mechanical properties. Journal of Materials Science, 44(11), 2725-2735.
Kulkarni, D. P., Namburu, P. K., Ed Bargar, H., & Das, D. K. (2008). Convective heat transfer and fluid dynamic characteristics of SiO2 ethylene glycol/water nanofluid, Heat Transfer Engineering, 29, 1027-1035.
Lee, S., & Choi, S. U. S. (1996). Application of metallic nanoparticle suspensions in advanced cooling systems. Argonne National Lab., IL (United States), (630), 252-6439.
Lee, S., Choi, S. U. S., Li, S. A., & Eastman, J. A. (1999). Measuring thermal conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles. Journal of Heat Transfer, 121(2), 280-289.
Li, Q., & Xuan, Y. (2002). Convective heat transfer and flow characteristics of Cu-water nanofluid. Science in China Series E: Technolgical Science, 45(4), 408-416.
Ma, H. B., Wilson, C., Borgmeyer, B., Park, K., & Yu, Q. (2006). Effect of nanofluid on the heat transport capability in an oscillatory heat pipe. Applied Physics Letters, 88: 143116(3).
Masuda, H., Ebata, Teramae, A., & Hishinuma, K. N. (1993). Alteration of thermal conductivity and viscosity of liquid by dispersing ultra-fine particles (Dispersion of Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 ultra-fine particles), Netsu Bussei, 7, 227-233.
Namburu, P. K., Kulkarni, D. P., Misra, D., & Das, D. K. (2007). Viscosity of copper oxide nanoparticles dispersed in ethylene glycol and water mixture. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science., 32(2), 397-402.
Nguyen, C., Desgranges, F., Galanis, N., Roy, G., Mare, T., Boucher, S., & Angue, M. (2008). Viscosity data for Al2O3water nanofluid-hysteresis: is heat transfer enhancement using nanofluids reliable? International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 47(2), 103-111.
Pak, B. C., & Cho, Y. I. (1998). Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles, Experimental Heat Transfer, 11, 151-170.
Pawan, K., Singh, K. B., & Anoop, H. E. (2010). Anomalous size dependent rheological behavior of alumina based nanofluids. International Journal of Micro-Nano Scale Transport, 1(2): 179-188.
Pozhar, L. A. (2000). Structure and dynamics of nanofluids: theory and simulations to calculate viscosity. Physical Review E, 61, 1432-1446.
Prasher, R. Song, D., Wang, J., & Phelan, P. (2006). Measurements of nanofluid viscosity and its implications for thermal applications. Applied Physics Letters, 89(13), 133108.
Rao, G. S., Sharma, K. V., Chary, S. P., Bakar, R. A., Rahman, M. M., Kadirgama, K., & Noor, M. M. (2011). Experimental Study on heat transfer coefficient and friction factor of Al2O3 nanofluid in a packed bed column. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 1, 1-15.
Rea, U., McKrell, T., Hu, L. W., & Buongiorno, J. (2009). Laminar convective heat transfer and viscous pressure loss of alumina–water and zirconia–water nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(7), 2042-2048.
Shuichi, T. (2012). Turbulent heat transfer behavior of nanofluid in a circular tube heater under constant heat flux. Advance in Mechanical Engineering, article ID 917612 (7 pages).
Suresh, S., Venkitaraj, K.P., Selvakumar, P., & Chandrasekar, M. (2012). Effect of Al2O3–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid in heat transfer. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 38, 54-60.
Syam Sundar, L., & Sharma, K.V. 2011a. Laminar convective heat transfer and friction factor of Al2O3 nanofluid in circular tube fitted with twisted tape inserts. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 3, 265-278.
Syam Sundar, L., & Sharma, K. V. (2011b). A numerical study heat transfer and friction factor of Al2O3 nanofluid. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 1, 99-112.
Timofeeva, E. V., Yu, W., France, D. M., Singh, D., & Routbort, J. L.(2010). Base fluid and temperature effects on the heat transfer characteristics of SiC in EG/H2O and H2O nanofluids. Journal of Applied Physics, 109, 014914 (5 pages).
Vijaya Lakshmi, B., Subrahmanyam, T., Dharma Rao, V., & Sharma, K. V. (2012). Turbulent film condensation of pure vapors flowing normal to a horizontal condenser tube - constant heat flux at the tube wall. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 4, 455-470.
Vold, I. M. N., Kristiansen, K. A., & Christensen, B. E. (2006). A study of the chain stiffness and extension of alginates, in vitro epimerized alginates, and periodate-oxidized alginates using size-exclusion chromatography combined with light scattering and viscosity detectors. Biomacromolecules, 7(7), 2136-2146.
Wang, Z. (2009). Thermal wave in thermal properties measurements and flow diagnostics: with applications of nanofluids thermal conductivity and wall shear stress measurements. PhD thesis, Oregon State University.
Wen, D., & Ding, Y. (2004). Experimental investigation into convective heat transfer of nanofluids at the entrance region under laminar flow conditions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47(24), 5181-5188.
Xuan, Y., & Li, Q. (2002). Investigation convective heat transfer and flow features of nanofluids. Journal of Heat Transfer, 125, 151-155.
Xuan, Y., & Li, Q. (2000). Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 21, 58-64.
Xuan, Y., & Roetzel, W. (2000). Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 43, 3701-3707.
Xue, L., Keblinski, P., Phillpot, S. R., Choi, S. U. S., & Eastman, J. A. (2004). Effect of liquid layering at the liquid-solid interface on thermal transport. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47, 4277-4284.
Yang, Y., Zhang, Z.G., Grulke, E. A., Anderson, W. B., & Wu, G. (2005). Heat transfer properties of nanoparticle-in-fluid dispersions (nanofluids) in laminar flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 48, 1107-1116.
Zeinali, H., Esfahany, N., & Etemad, S.G. (2007). Experimental investigation of convective heat transfer of Al2O3/water nanofluid in circular tube. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 28(2), 203-210.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
