Linking integrity with road pricing cause-and-effect model: A system dynamics simulation approach

Authors

  • Masriah Mansur Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
  • Zetty Ain Kamaruzzaman Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
  • Ahmad Afif Ahmarofi Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
  • Jack Kie Cheng Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
  • Hamirahanim Abdul Rahman Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
  • Khairil Azman Masri Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
  • Nadirah Abdul Rahim International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • S.Sarifah Radiah Shariff Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/jgi.5.3.2022.8497

Keywords:

Road Pricing, Traffic Congestion, Causal Loop Diagram, System Dynamics, Sustainable Transport, Integrity

Abstract

With Malaysia's rapid urbanisation and continuous improvement of living standards, vehicle ownership and trip volume continue to grow. Increases in motor traffic in large cities and their environs result in a number of social, environmental, and economic issues, which are frequently attributable to the widespread use of automobiles as the primary mode of urban transportation. This exacerbates traffic congestion on the country's highways, particularly in urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur. This traffic congestion poses an ongoing threat to the sustainability of transport development. Thus, by using the system dynamics, this study establishes a cause-and-effect relationship regarding the implementation of road pricing as a tool for reducing congestion and a stepping stone for enhancing sustainability. Road pricing is a direct charge assessed to drivers who use the road network with the goal of reducing the number of private vehicles on the road during peak hours. The developed Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) composed of five subsystems: road congestion, road attractiveness, new road construction, public transportation, and road pricing. The road congestion, new road construction, and road pricing all encounter mutual reinforcement as a result of a variety of negative polarities. As a result, authorities should place a greater emphasis on these loopholes, as they will inevitably result in unexpected changes. Additionally, by incorporating holistic perspectives from previous works and experts in the field, CLD can aid in identifying the primary factors underlying the problem being studied. In future work, the developed CLD should be extended to the next stage of the SD model, dubbed stock-flow-diagram (SFD).

Author Biographies

Zetty Ain Kamaruzzaman, Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

Zetty Ain is a senior lecturer and Head of Programme (Business Analytics) at Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang. She has been teaching for more than four years and has five years’ experience in construction industry. Her research interests include Statistics, Quantitative Finance, Analytics, Data Science and Business Management. 

Ahmad Afif Ahmarofi, Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

Ahmad Afif bin Ahmarofi is a Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kedah Branch, Malaysia. His areas of expertise are computer simulation, artificial intelligence (AI), and optimization methods. Most recently, he involves in a project related to big data analysis for E-Learning.

Jack Kie Cheng, Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

Cheng Jack Kie is an Associate Professor at Faculty of Industrial Management, University Malaysia Pahang. She has been teaching for more than ten years and has vast experience of conducting market study on employee engagement and customers satisfaction for numerous industries. Her research interests include System Dynamics Simulation, Discrete Event Simulation, Operation Research, Logistics and Supply Chain Management.

Hamirahanim Abdul Rahman, Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

Hamimahrahim is a senior lecturer and Head of Programme (Business Engineering) at Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang. She has been teaching for more than two years and has twelve years’ experience in telecommunication industry. Her research includes Artificial Intelligence and Information System.

Khairil Azman Masri, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

Dr Khairil Azman Masri is a senir lecturer at College of Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang. He is an expert in highway and tansportation engineering. His research interests are related to advance pavement material, advance pavement design, and transport engineering. He has a particular interest in nanomaterial application towards asphalt pavement.

Nadirah Abdul Rahim, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Nadirah is currently working as an Assistant Professor in International Islamic University Malaysia, under the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering teaching Programming for Engineers and Python in Undergraduate level. Her research interests include Satellite Communication Systems, Programming and Engineering Management. Nadirah is a member of BEM and INCOSE.

S.Sarifah Radiah Shariff, Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

Sarifah Radiah Shariff is an Associate Professor in Centre of Statistics and Decision Sciences Studies at Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam. Her research interest includes supply chain modelling, logistics modelling, multicriteria decision making, metaheuristics, and application of technology into statistical processes.

 

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Published

2023-01-01

How to Cite

Mansur, M., Kamaruzzaman, Z. A. ., Ahmarofi, A. A. ., Cheng, J. K., Abdul Rahman, H., Masri, K. A. ., Abdul Rahim, N., & Shariff, S. R. . (2023). Linking integrity with road pricing cause-and-effect model: A system dynamics simulation approach. Journal of Governance and Integrity, 5(3), 370–381. https://doi.org/10.15282/jgi.5.3.2022.8497

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 3 (2022): Journal of Governance and Integrity

Section

JGI Vol. 5 Issue 3, December 2022

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