Development of Global Navigation Satellite System Mission Planning Simulator for Determining Optimum Observation Duration
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15282/construction.v5i2.12247Keywords:
Ionospheric Delay, Solar Activity, Observation Duration, Baseline Precision, GNSS SimulatorAbstract
The use of Static Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become widespread in geodetic applications due to its ability to provide highly accurate positioning. One of the main sources of errors in GNSS positioning is the ionospheric delay, which has a significant impact especially during periods of maximum solar activity. Previous solar cycle 24 indicated that solar maximum and solar minimum occurred in 2014 and 2019, respectively. This highlights the need for extensive collection of GNSS data to minimize the effects of the ionosphere. This study aimed to develop a simulator for mission planning to determine the optimum duration for GNSS static observation. The Malaysia Real-Time Kinematic GNSS network (MyRTKnet) was used, focusing on three baseline categories: short (<50km), medium (50km to 100km), and long (>100km). The static GNSS data were processed using Trimble Business Centre (TBC), and statistical adjustment was performed based on the standard deviation of delta X, delta Y, delta Z, horizontal, and vertical components. The results of the study indicated that to achieve higher precision in GPS baseline solutions during high ionosphere activity, an observation duration of at least two hours is necessary, particularly to improve vertical precision. Furthermore, the precision of the baseline solution was higher during solar maximum compared to solar minimum. A comparison between the simulation and field data acquisition demonstrated that the simulator successfully estimated the horizontal and vertical precision through statistical analysis. Ultimately, it is expected that this simulator will assist surveyors in determining the optimum duration for GNSS static observation.
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