GUIDE FOR AUTHOR

PUBLICATION TYPE

Full Research Articles

Full research articles provide significant new findings and conclusions obtained from scientific investigations and processes that fall within the scope of the journal. These articles should be between 3000-8000 words in length (excluding the abstract, tables, figures, and references), and they should include more than 20 references.

Review Articles

The review articles are described the current state of the knowledge and provide suggestions for potential future research direction in the field. The length of a published review article is 3000-10000 words (not including abstract, tables, figures, and references) with 100 or more references.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION 

These instructions are written in a form that satisfies all the formatting requirements for the author's manuscript. Please use them as a template in preparing your manuscript. Authors must take special care to follow these instructions concerning margins. The basic instructions are simple:

• The manuscript shall be formatted for an A4 size page.
• The top, left, and right margins shall be 30 mm.
• The bottom margin shall be 25 mm.
• The text shall have both the left and right margins justified.

STRUCTURE OF MANUSCRIPT

The manuscript should be organized in the following order: title of the paper, authors' names and affiliation, abstract, keywords, nomenclature (where applicable), introduction, body of the paper (in sequential headings), conclusion, acknowledgment, references, and appendices (where applicable).

THE TITLE

The title is centered on the page and is set in boldface (font size 12 pt). The first letter of each word in the title should be capitalized. It should adequately describe the content of the paper. An abbreviated title of less than 60 characters (including spaces) should also be suggested.

AUTHOR'S NAME AND AFFILIATION

The author's name(s) follows the title and is also centered on the page (font size 12 pt). A blank line is required between the title and the author's name(s). Last names should be spelled out in full and succeeded by author's initials. The author's affiliation, complete mailing address, and e-mail address (all in font size 12 pt) are provided below. Phone and fax numbers are also appeared.

ABSTRACT

A nonmathematical abstract, not exceeding 200 words, is required for all papers. It should be an abbreviated, accurate presentation of the contents of the paper. It should contain sufficient information to enable readers to decide whether they should obtain and read the entire paper. Do not cite references in the abstract.

KEYWORDS

The author should provide a list of three to six keywords that clearly describe the subject matter of the paper.

TEXT LAYOUT

The manuscript must be typed in single spacing. Use extra line spacing between equations, illustrations, figures, and tables. The body of the text should be prepared using Times New Roman. The font size used for the preparation of the manuscript must be 12 points. The first paragraph following a heading should not be indented. The following paragraphs must be indented 10 mm. Note that there is no line spacing between paragraphs unless a subheading is used. Symbols for physical quantities in the text should be written in italics.

SECTION HEADINGS

Section headings should be typed centered on the page and in capital letters only. The type, fonts, and style above (Times New Roman 12 point bold) are an example of a section heading. Do not underline section headings. A bold font should be used for section headings.

Subheadings

Subheadings should be positioned at the left margin in a boldfaced font the same size as the main text (Times New Roman 12 point) with single line spacing above and below. The first letter of each word in the subheading should be capitalized.

Sub-subheadings

Sub-subheadings should be typed using italic font the same size as that used for the body of the text (Times New Roman 12-point italics). Only the first letter of the subheading should be capitalized. Note that a blank line precedes and follows the subheading.

EQUATIONS AND MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS

Equation numbers should appear in parentheses and be numbered consecutively. All equation numbers must appear on the right-hand side of the equation and should be referred to within the text. Two different types of styles can be used for equations and mathematical expressions. They are:

• In-line style
• Display style.

In-line style

In-line equations/expressions are embedded in paragraphs of the text. For example, E = mc². In-line equations should not be numbered.

Display style

Equations in display format are separated from the paragraphs of the text. They should be flushed to the left of the column. Fractional powers should be used instead of root signs. A slash (/) should be used instead of a horizontal line for fractions, whenever possible; for example, use 2/3 for two-thirds. Refer to equations in the text as "Eq.(1)" or, if at the beginning of a sentence, as "Equation (1)". Vectors should be typed in boldface. Do not use arrows, wavy-line underscoring, etc.

FIGURES AND TABLES

Figures (diagrams and photographs) should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numbers. They should be placed in the text soon after the point where they are referenced. Figures should be centered in a column and should have a figure caption placed underneath. Captions should be centered in the column, in the format "Figure 1" and are in upper and lowercase letters. When referring to a figure in the body of the text, the abbreviation "Figure" must be submitted in digital format, with a good resolution. Table captions appear centered above the table in upper and lowercase letters. When referring to a table in the text, "Table" with the proper number is used. Captions should be centered in the column, in the format "Table 1" and are in upper and lowercase letters. Tables are numbered consecutively and independently of any figures. All figures and tables must be incorporated into the text (in portrait orientation).

UNITS

The use of SI units is strongly recommended, and mixed units are to be avoided.

CONCLUSION

A conclusion section must be included and should indicate clearly the advantages, limitations, and possible applications of the paper. Discuss future work.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT 

An acknowledgment section may be presented after the conclusion if desired. Individuals or units other than authors who were of direct help in work could be acknowledged by a brief statement following the text.

REFERENCE FORMATTING

There are strict requirements on reference formatting at the submission stage. The author should be preparing references according to the following examples, and the reference style should be consistent where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume number/book chapter, and the pagination must be present. Use of DOI is highly encouraged. The reference style used by the journal will also be applied to the accepted article at the proof stage. Note that missing data will be highlighted at the proof stage for the author to correct.

REFERENCE STYLE

Citation in text 

Document your study throughout the text by indicating references by number(s) in square brackets (Example; Rahman and Noor [1]; Rahman [2]; Rahman et al. [3] … ) in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.

Reference List

Number the references (numbers should be in square brackets) in the reference list in the order in which they appeared in the text. The list of references indents 10 mm from the second line of each reference. Personal communications and unpublished data are not acceptable references.

REFERENCES WRITING EXAMPLES

Reference to journal papers:

[1] Hamada KI, Rahman MM, Aziz ARA. Characteristics of the time-averaged overall heat transfer in a direct injection hydrogen fueled engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2012; 38(11): 4816-4830. 

[2] Rahman MM, Ariffin AK. Effects of surface finish and treatment on the fatigue behaviour of vibrating cylinder block using frequency response approach. Journal of Zhejiang University of Science A, 2006; 7(3): 352-360.

[3] Thring RH. Homogeneous-charge compression-ignition (HCCI) engines. SAE Technical Paper: 892068; 1989.

**Note that Journal titles should not be abbreviated and italicized.

Reference to a book:

[4] Juvinall RC, Marshek KM. Fundamentals of machine component design. 5th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2011.

[5] Stephens RI, Fatemi A, Stephens RR, Fuchs HO. Metal fatigue in engineering. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc; 2000.

**Note that the title of the book is sentence case and not-italicized.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[6] Barky ME, Zhang S. Fatigue spot welds. In: Lee YL, Pan J, Hathaway RB, Barkey ME, editors. Fatigue testing and analysis: Theory and practice, New York: Butterworth Heinrahmanemann, 2005, p 285-311.

 **Note that the title of the book is non-italicized and sentence case.

Reference to proceedings papers:

[7] Rahman MM, Bakar RA, Sani MSM, Noor MM. Investigation into surface treatment on fatigue life for cylinder block of linear engine using frequency response approach. In: 15th International Congress on Sound and Vibrations, Daejeon, South Korea, pp. 2119- 2127; 2008.

[8] Kamal M, Rahman MM. Fatigue life estimation based on continuum mechanics theory with application of genetic algorithm. In: 1st International Conference on Automotive Innovation and Green Energy Vehicle, Kuantan, Malaysia; 26-27 August, 2014.

Reference to Web Pages:

[9] Felippa CA. Advanced finite element methods. Retrieved from http://www.colorado.edu/courses.d /AFM.d/Home.html; 25 August, 2013.

[10] Rockwell Automation. Arena. Retrieved from http://www.arenasimulation.com; 21 July, 2014.

MANUSCRIPT TEMPLATE

The manuscript shall be prepared in accordance with the manuscript template. Click here to download the JCEIB Template.

REPRODUCTION PERMISSION

For any illustrations, tables, or figures already published elsewhere, authors are responsible for getting permission from the copyright holders. The publisher of the journal or book in which the Figure or Table first appeared is most often the copyright owner. In this case, a letter from the author(s)/publisher should be included to confirm that permission to reproduce the image has been given.

 LANGUAGE

The manuscript should be written in the English language clearly and understandably. The manuscript should be proofread for proper spelling and grammar use. We shall promptly return any manuscripts that are not complete or are not in good condition.

PLAGIARISM CHECKING

A policy of screening for plagiarism will been performed using Turnitin.com platform

SELF-CITATIONS

Citation manipulation refers to the excessive citation of an author's study (i.e., self-citation by authors) for the sole purpose of boosting the number of citations of the author's work (COPE, 2019). The authors are encouraged to restrict self-citation to a minimum to control citation manipulation. It is advisable of no more than 5 (including jointly authored publications) or 20 per cent self-citations, whichever is lower, in any given publication.

PEER-REVIEW

All papers are subjected to a preliminary evaluation by an Editor, who may reject an article before it has been submitted for peer review if it falls outside the journal's scope or is of inadequate quality. Following this first screening, manuscripts that seem to be appropriate are submitted to single-blind peer-review by a minimum of two independent reviewers/experts. The authors are requested to nominate at least three individuals who are qualified to evaluate their paper. All recommended reviewers must have their present e-mail addresses provided.

PROOFS

Page proofs will be sent to the corresponding author for final checking. Corrections to the proofs must be restricted to printer's errors: any other changes to the text, in equations or grammar, may be charged to the author. Proofs should be returned to the editors within three days of receipt to minimize the risk of the author's contribution having to be held over to a later issue. The editors do not accept responsibility for the correctness of published content. It is the author's responsibility to check the content at the proof stage.

"ONLINE FIRST" PUBLICATION

Manuscripts ready for publication are uploaded as "Online First" versions as soon as they are completed. When the authors have completed the final proofreading and addressed issues, the manuscripts are deemed ready for publishing. Authors need to understand that once their articles are published online, they cannot be changed.

COPYRIGHT

Authors will be requested to sign a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' once their article has been accepted for publication. An e-mail will be forwarded to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript and a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.

COST OF PUBLICATION

The publication of an article in this journal is completely free of charge. Articles are published in this journal with no charge to the author.

LENGTH OF MANUSCRIPT

There are no restrictions on the length of manuscripts, but only concisely written articles are published. Brief articles are evaluated based on their technical merit.

SUBMISSION CHECKLIST

The author is requested to ensure that the following items are present:

• One author designated as the corresponding author:
• E-mail address
• Full postal address
• Telephone and fax numbers
• All necessary files have been uploaded
• Keywords
• All figure captions
• All tables

FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS

• Manuscript has been "spellchecked" and "grammar-checked."
• References are in the correct format for this journal
• All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text, and vice versa
• Permission has been obtained for the use of copyrighted material from other sources