Comparison of Velocity Profiles in Stented Carotid Artery Bifurcation Between Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements

Authors

  • A.F.H.M. Noor Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pahang, Malaysia
  • N.H. Johari Centre for Advanced Industrial Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pahang, Malaysia
  • A.A. Basri Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • X.Y. Xu Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.21.2.2024.16.0879

Keywords:

Carotid artery bifurcation, Stent, Particle Image Velocimetry, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Velocity profiles

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, necessitating extensive research into the hemodynamics of blood flow under pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis in carotid arteries. In vitro studies, particularly Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), are crucial for advancing our understanding of arterial blood flow and predicting pathological states. However, the accuracy of CFD simulations relies heavily on their validation against empirical data, such as those obtained from Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). This study focuses on the comparative analysis of CFD predictions and PIV measurements of blood velocity vectors in a stented carotid artery bifurcation model under steady flow conditions derived from patient-specific data. The methodology involves simulating blood flow within a CFD framework and conducting PIV experiments using a blood-mimicking fluid seeded with particles in a carotid artery bifurcation phantom. The results indicate a reasonable agreement between the axial velocity vector profiles obtained via PIV and those predicted by CFD, with CFD predicting  10% higher than that recorded by PIV, especially in terms of recirculation areas and velocity values, despite some discrepancies in the velocity contours distribution, highlighting potential differences in how each method captures flow separation or recirculation areas. Despite some discrepancies in velocity contour distribution, which highlight potential differences in capturing flow separation or recirculation areas, the findings confirm that CFD simulations can effectively replicate the hemodynamics observed in carotid arteries and potentially other arterial segments. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating CFD simulations with experimental PIV data to validate and refine our understanding of arterial flow dynamics, significantly contributing to cardiovascular research and the development of interventions for arterial diseases.

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Published

2024-06-20

How to Cite

[1]
A. F. H. M. Noor, N. H. Johari, A. A. Basri, and X. Y. Xu, “Comparison of Velocity Profiles in Stented Carotid Artery Bifurcation Between Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements”, Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 11386–11397, Jun. 2024.

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