Effect of Windbreakers on the Aerodynamic Performance of a High-Speed Train Using CFD Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.22.4.2025.17.0994Keywords:
Crosswind, Aerodynamics, Flow structure, CFD, High-Speed Train, WindbreakersAbstract
High-speed trains are designed to reduce air resistance, lower noise levels, and ensure stable, smooth travel. Windbreakers, which serve to reduce side forces caused by crosswinds, are essential for maintaining the stability and safety of high-speed trains, especially at high speeds. This study investigates the effects of windbreaker height and porosity on the aerodynamics of a high-speed train under 30° and 60° crosswind conditions. The windbreakers tested have heights of 65 mm, 135 mm, and 190 mm, with porosities varying in hole sizes of 12.5 mm, 25 mm, and 50 mm, resulting in nine windbreaker designs. Simulations were conducted at 80 m/s to measure drag, side, and lift force coefficients, and to analyze flow structure and pressure contours. The results show that the best aerodynamic performance occurs under 30° crosswind conditions, with the optimal windbreaker design being the tallest height and smallest porosity. Specifically, the drag coefficient (Cd) reached 0.0101, and the side and lift force coefficients (Cs and Cl) were 0.3383 and 0.3290, respectively. The study concludes that optimizing windbreaker height and porosity significantly improves aerodynamic performance, with medium porosity offering the best overall results. However, windbreaker height must be carefully considered under varying crosswind conditions to achieve optimal performance.
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