Machine Learning-Based Classification of Badminton Strokes Using IMU-Integrated Racket

Authors

  • Wan Hasbullah Mohd Isa Faculty of Manufacturing & Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Nur Aliya Syahirah Badrol Hisam Faculty of Manufacturing & Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Amir FakarulIsroq Abdul Razak Faculty of Manufacturing & Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Adam Aiman Amizul Fazly Faculty of Manufacturing & Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
  • Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15282/mekatronika.v7i1.12004

Keywords:

Badminton, Machine Learning, Classification, IMU

Abstract

Badminton, a fast-paced racket sport, demands precision, power, and strategic execution. While previous research has explored using inertial measurement units (IMUs) for stroke classification, this study presents an integration of sensor-embedded rackets with IMUs to provide a more accurate and automated approach. The collected motion data was processed and classified using machine learning models such as logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), and support vector machines (SVM). Of these, k-NN achieved the highest accuracy at 75 percent, with backhand strokes showing better classification precision. However, challenges in classifying forehand strokes suggest a need for further refinement in feature extraction. The study contributes a framework for improving stroke classification accuracy in badminton and offers insights into optimizing ML-driven motion analysis for more precise performance assessment in badminton.

References

[1] R. Venkat, “Badminton at the Olympics: A brief history,” [Online] 6 August 2024. Available from: https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/olympics-badminton-history-winners-debut-barcelona-1992

[2] Bernama, “Khairy says badminton is now Malaysia’s number one sport,” [Online] 15 December 2015. Available from: https://www.malaymail.com/news/sports/2015/12/15/khairy-says-badminton-is-now-malaysias-number-one-sport/1023599

[3] R. L. Sweeting, J. S. Wilson, Badminton: Basic Skills and Drills, Mayfield Publishing Company, 1991.

[4] B. V. Brahms, H. Ross (translator), Badminton Handbook: Training, Tactics, Competition, Meyer & Meyer Sport (UK) Limited, 2014.

[5] D. Toshniwal, A. Patil, N. Vachhani, “AI coach for badminton,” 2022 3rd International Conference for Emerging Technology (INCET), Belgaum, India, pp. 1-7, 2022.

[6] N. F. Ghazali, N. Shahar, M. A. As'Ari, “Badminton strokes recognition using inertial sensor and machine learning approach,” In 2022 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Cybernetics Technology & Applications (ICICyTA), pp. 1-5, 2022.

[7] J. Lin, C. W. Chang, T. U. Ik, Y. C. Tseng “Sensor-based badminton stroke classification by machine learning methods,” In 2020 International Conference on Pervasive Artificial Intelligence (ICPAI), pp. 94-100, 2020.

[8] Y. Wang, W. Fang, J. Ma, X. Li, A. Zhong, “Automatic badminton action recognition using CNN with adaptive feature extraction on sensor data,” In book: Intelligent Computing Theories and Application, pp. 131-143, 2019.

[9] J. Lin, C. W. Chang, C. H. Wang, H. C. Chi, C. W. Yi, Y. C. Tseng, et al. “Design and implement a mobile badminton stroke classification system,” In 2017 19th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), pp. 235-238, 2017.

[10] K. Xia, H. Wang, M. Xu, Z. Li, S. He, Y. Tang, “Racquet sports recognition using a hybrid clustering model learned from integrated wearable sensor,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 6, p. 1638, 2020.

[11] D. Peralta, B. Van Herbruggen, J. Fontaine, W. Debyser, J. Wieme, E. De Poorter, “Badminton stroke classification based on accelerometer data: from individual to generalized models,” In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), pp. 5542-5548, 2022.

[12] S. Mekruksavanich, P. Jantawong, N. Hnoohom, A. Jitpattanakul, “Badminton activity recognition and player assessment based on motion signals using deep residual network,” In 2022 IEEE 13th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), pp. 80-83, 2022.

[13] Y. Liu, “Recognition of badminton stroke actions using sensor technology,” UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical Engineering, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 55-64, 2022.

[14] Z. Y. Yip, I. Mohd Khairuddin, W. H. Mohd Isa, A. P. P. Abdul Majeed, M. A. Abdullah, M. A. Mohd Razman, “Badminton smashing recognition through video performance by using deep learning”, Mekatronika: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 70–79, 2022.

[15] I. Ghosh, S. R. Ramamurthy, A. Chakma, N. Roy, “DeCoach: Deep learning-based coaching for badminton player assessment,” Pervasive and Mobile Computing, vol. 83, p. 101608, 2022.

[16] W. H. M. Isa, M. A. Abdullah, M. A. M. Razman, A. P. P. A. Majeed, I. M. Khairuddin, “Deep learning algorithms for recognition of badminton strokes: A study using SDNN, RNN, and RNN-GRU models with off-court video capture,” International Conference on Mechatronics and Intelligent Robotics, pp. 53-60, 2023.

[17] M. Seong, G. Kim, D. Yeo, Y. Kang, H. Yang, J. DelPreto, et al. “Multi sense badminton: Wearable sensor–based biomechanical dataset for evaluation of badminton performance,” Scientific Data, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 343, 2024.

Downloads

Published

2025-01-02

Issue

Section

Original Article

How to Cite

[1]
W. H. Mohd Isa, N. A. S. Badrol Hisam, A. F. Abdul Razak, M. A. A. Amizul Fazly, and A. P. P. Abdul Majeed, “Machine Learning-Based Classification of Badminton Strokes Using IMU-Integrated Racket”, Mekatronika : J. Intell. Manuf. Mechatron., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–9, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.15282/mekatronika.v7i1.12004.

Similar Articles

1-10 of 84

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 > >>